Medically reviewed by Sumiran Racherla, MD, Internal Medicine. Last reviewed: October 23, 2026.
What kind of doctor provides Spinal Cord Stimulation?
A surgeon may suggest this treatment. A pain specialist usually adjusts the device afterward. A primary care provider is the best first visit for ongoing pain. A direct primary care or concierge doctor can be a first stop for an evaluation and can refer you to a specialist when needed.
What it is
Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is a treatment for pain. It uses a mild electric current to block nerve signals in the spine. The device has a wire, called an electrode, and a control unit, called a generator. The electrode sits over the spinal cord, so pain signals cannot go up to the brain.
Why a doctor might recommend it
Your surgeon may recommend spinal cord stimulation if you have any of the following.
- Back pain that continues or gets worse, even after treatment.
- Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS).
- Long-term back pain, with or without arm or leg pain.
- Nerve pain or numbness in the arms or legs.
SCS is used after other treatments, such as medicines and exercise, have not worked. Physical therapy is often used as a first line treatment for pain conditions.
How to prepare
You will often have mental health testing and counseling first, so you know how to manage the device.
Tell your surgeon or nurse if the following are true.
- You are or could be pregnant.
- You take any medicines, supplements, or herbs, even ones you bought without a prescription.
You may be asked to temporarily stop taking blood thinners, which are medicines that keep your blood from clotting. Ask your surgeon which medicines you should still take on the day of surgery. Follow instructions about when to stop eating and drinking.
What happens during it
A trial electrode is put in place first to see if it helps your pain. The trial is usually kept in place for about a week. Trials are considered successful if they can remove half of a patient's pain. If the treatment greatly reduces your pain, you will be offered a permanent generator. The generator goes under the skin of your abdomen or buttocks through a small surgical cut.
Recovery
Most people can go home the same day, but your surgeon may want you to stay overnight in the hospital. You should avoid heavy lifting, bending, and twisting while you are healing. After the procedure, you may have less back pain and may not need to take as much pain medicine. Some batteries are rechargeable. Others last 2 to 5 years, and replacing one takes another surgery. Call 911 or go to the emergency room if you have trouble breathing, chest pain or discomfort lasting two minutes or more, fainting or loss of consciousness, or bleeding that will not stop.
Risks and side effects
Risks of this surgery include the following.
- Spinal fluid leaks and headaches.
- Nerve damage that can cause weakness, paralysis, or pain that does not go away.
- Infection, which usually means the device must be removed.
- A broken wire, which may need more surgery.
- Movement of or damage to the generator or leads, which needs more surgery.
- A stimulator that works too strongly, stops and starts, or works weakly.
The SCS device may interfere with other devices, such as pacemakers and defibrillators.
Who performs it
A pain specialist or a device company representative usually manages the stimulator after surgery.
Common questions
Does spinal cord stimulation cure pain?
No, the treatment does not cure back pain or treat the source of the pain.
How do I know if the stimulator will help before it is placed for good?
A trial electrode is put in place first to see if it helps your pain. A permanent generator is offered if the treatment greatly reduces your pain.
Can I have an MRI after a spinal cord stimulator is placed?
After the SCS is implanted, you may not be able to get an MRI anymore.
What treatments are tried before spinal cord stimulation?
In most situations, non-surgical treatments should be used first for chronic pain. Physical therapy is often used as a first line treatment for pain conditions.
How does a direct primary care or concierge doctor fit in?
A direct primary care doctor charges a flat monthly fee instead of billing insurance, while a concierge doctor usually charges more and often works alongside insurance. A direct primary care or concierge doctor can be a first stop for an evaluation and can refer you to a specialist when needed.
Sources
- MedlinePlus - Spinal cord stimulation
- American Association of Neurological Surgeons - Spinal Cord Stimulation
Medical Disclaimer
This content is for general educational and informational purposes only and is not medical advice. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, and reading it does not create a doctor-patient relationship. Always seek the advice of your physician or another qualified health provider with any questions about a medical condition, and never disregard or delay seeking professional advice because of something you read here. If you think you may have a medical emergency, call 911 (or your local emergency number) immediately.
