Surgical procedure performed to remove pterygiums, non-cancerous growths that develop on the conjunctiva, the thin membrane covering the white part of the eye, is known as pterygium surgery. In addition to causing irritation, redness, and discomfort, pterygiums may affect vision if they grow large enough to cover the cornea. If conservative measures like lubricating eye drops and protective eyewear fail to relieve symptoms or if the pterygium interferes with vision, surgery is typically recommended.
In order to determine the size and extent of the pterygium and to determine their overall eye health, patients will undergo a comprehensive eye examination before undergoing pterygium surgery. To reduce the risk of bleeding during surgery, patients may be advised to discontinue certain medications, such as blood thinners, in the days leading up to the surgery. In addition, patients will receive instructions on fasting before surgery, and they will not be able to drive immediately after the procedure, so they will need to arrange for transportation home.
An outpatient procedure for pterygium surgery is performed under local anesthesia. To ensure the patient's comfort, the surgeon will first numb the eye with eye drops and then inject local anesthesia around the eye. As much healthy conjunctival tissue as possible will be preserved during the removal of the pterygium tissue from the eye surface by the surgeon. To reduce the risk of recurrence, the surgeon may use a graft of healthy tissue from another part of the eye or from a tissue bank.
It is possible for patients to experience mild discomfort, tearing, and light sensitivity for a few days after pterygium surgery. As the eye heals, it may also become red and swollen. Antibiotics and anti-inflammatory eye drops are prescribed during the recovery period to reduce inflammation and prevent infection. In order to promote healing and minimize complications, patients should avoid rubbing or touching their eyes and follow all postoperative instructions provided by their surgeon.
Although pterygium surgery is considered safe and effective, it also carries some risks. Infection, bleeding, scarring, double vision, dry eye syndrome, and recurrence of the pterygium may be possible complications of pterygium surgery. Before undergoing surgery, patients should discuss any concerns or questions about the risks with their surgeon.
To assess the success of the procedure and monitor their healing after pterygium surgery, patients will schedule follow-up appointments with their surgeon. During the initial period of recovery, patients should avoid swimming, heavy lifting, and strenuous activities that may increase eye pressure. In order to achieve the best possible outcome, patients need to attend all scheduled follow-up appointments and follow their surgeon's postoperative recommendations.
For the removal of pterygiums and relief of their symptoms, pterygium surgery is a common and effective treatment option. Patients can feel more confident and informed about undergoing pterygium surgery if they understand the procedure and what to expect during preparation, surgery itself, recovery, risks, and aftercare. A successful outcome and long-term eye health are dependent on close communication with their surgeon and careful adherence to post-operative instructions.
