Psychotherapy: What It Is and What to Expect
Medically reviewed by Sumiran Racherla, MD, Internal Medicine. Last reviewed: October 23, 2026.
What kind of doctor provides Psychotherapy?
A psychiatrist, a doctor who treats mental health conditions, can provide therapy. So can psychologists, licensed social workers, and others with specialized training. A direct primary care or concierge doctor can be a first stop for an evaluation and can refer you to a specialist when needed.
What it is
Psychotherapy is also called talk therapy. It is a group of treatments that help a person change troubling emotions, thoughts, and behaviors. Most psychotherapy takes place one-on-one with a licensed mental health professional or with other patients in a group setting. Therapy can help both children and adults. One goal is to gain relief from symptoms. Another is to improve quality of life.
Why a doctor might recommend it
People seek therapy for reasons such as these.
- Long-term stress from a job or family, the loss of a loved one, or relationship problems.
- Low energy, or changes in sleep or appetite, with no physical cause.
- A health care provider diagnosing a mental disorder that is getting in the way of your life.
Even when medicine eases symptoms, therapy can still help. It can help with irrational fears and problems with other people.
How to prepare
Being examined by a health care provider first can help rule out a physical health issue. A first talk with a therapist can help you see if you feel comfortable. It can be in person, by phone, or online.
You can ask questions like these.
- What are the credentials and experience of the therapist?
- Does the therapist have a specialty?
- Is this therapist able to prescribe medications?
What happens during it
Therapists may use one main approach or mix elements from several approaches. Both you and the therapist need to be actively involved. Trust between you and your therapist is important. Sessions are typically held once every 1 to 2 weeks for about 30 to 50 minutes.
Therapy can include the following.
- Finding ways to cope with stress.
- Learning social and communication skills.
- Making a safety plan to help with thoughts of self-harm or suicide.
Recovery
Therapy can be short-term, lasting a few weeks to months, or long-term, lasting months to years. The patient and therapist decide the goals, how long it lasts, and how often to meet together.
To get the most out of therapy, work with your therapist as a team, be open and honest, and follow your agreed-upon plan. Follow through with any assignments between sessions, such as writing in a journal or practicing what you talked about.
If you have been in therapy for a reasonable time and are not getting better, talk to your therapist. You might want to explore other therapists or approaches.
If you or someone you know is thinking about hurting yourself or others, call or text 988. If someone you know has attempted suicide, call 911 or the local emergency number right away.
Risks and side effects
Talks in therapy are deeply personal. It is important that you feel comfortable with your therapist. Intimate physical contact with a therapist is never appropriate.
For many therapies, research has provided evidence that the treatment is effective.
Who performs it
Many kinds of professionals offer therapy. Examples include psychiatrists, psychologists, and social workers.
Common questions
Can I get therapy by phone or online?
Yes, some approaches involve a therapist helping you from a distance.
How long is a psychotherapy session?
A session usually lasts about 30 to 50 minutes. Sessions are typically held once every 1 to 2 weeks.
Can I have therapy and medicine together?
Yes, therapy can be used alongside medicine or in place of it. The right plan depends on your needs and medical situation, with the guidance of a mental health professional.
How does a direct primary care or concierge doctor fit in?
A direct primary care doctor charges a flat monthly fee instead of billing insurance, while a concierge doctor usually charges more and often works alongside insurance. A direct primary care or concierge doctor can be a first stop for an evaluation and can refer you to a specialist when needed.
Sources
- National Institute of Mental Health - Psychotherapies
- American Psychiatric Association - What is Psychotherapy?
Medical Disclaimer
This content is for general educational and informational purposes only and is not medical advice. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, and reading it does not create a doctor-patient relationship. Always seek the advice of your physician or another qualified health provider with any questions about a medical condition, and never disregard or delay seeking professional advice because of something you read here. If you think you may have a medical emergency, call 911 (or your local emergency number) immediately.
