In spite of extensive research, the exact cause of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) remains unknown. SIDS is a tragic, unexplainable phenomenon that occurs when an otherwise healthy infant dies unexpectedly during sleep. SIDS can, however, be reduced by understanding its risk factors, recognizing its symptoms, and implementing preventive measures.
Researchers have identified certain risk factors that may contribute to the occurrence of SIDS, including:
During sleep, placing infants on their stomach or side increases the risk of SIDS. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that infants sleep on their backs.
The use of loose bedding, soft mattresses, and stuffed toys in the crib may increase the risk of SIDS due to suffocation hazards.
It is recommended to keep the baby at a comfortable room temperature and dress him in lightweight clothing during sleep to reduce the risk of SIDS.
A mother's smoking, drug use, or alcohol consumption during pregnancy can increase the risk of SIDS.
SIDS is more likely to occur among infants born prematurely or with low birth weight.
SIDS refers to a sudden and unexpected death of an infant, usually while sleeping. Because SIDS occurs without warning, there are usually no specific symptoms or signs.
The diagnosis of SIDS is difficult because it is an exclusion diagnosis, which means other causes of death must be excluded through thorough investigation. Typically, an infant's diagnosis is made based on the circumstances of his or her death, a detailed medical history, and a complete autopsy. To gather information about the events leading up to the infant's death, medical examiners will also review the infant's sleeping environment and interview caregivers.
Despite the fact that no specific treatment exists for SIDS, healthcare providers may provide supportive care and counseling to parents and caregivers who have lost a child to SIDS. To reduce the risk of SIDS in future children, grief counseling, support groups, and educational programs may be offered.
The following measures can be taken by parents and caregivers to reduce the risk of SIDS:
For naps as well as nighttime sleep, always place infants on their backs.
In the baby's sleep area, avoid soft bedding, pillows, stuffed animals, or crib bumpers. Keep the crib clean.
For the first six months to a year of the baby's life, share a room with him or her, but not the same bed.
Dress the baby in lightweight clothing and keep the room at a comfortable temperature.
In general, breastfeeding has been associated with a reduced risk of SIDS. If possible, breastfeeding should be encouraged.
During pregnancy and after childbirth, keep the baby away from secondhand smoke.
