A new daily persistent headache (NDPH) is a type of chronic headache that starts suddenly and persists for more than three months. This type of headache does not have a clear cause or trigger, unlike migraines or tension headaches. Although it can affect anyone, women and young adults are more likely to suffer from it.
Some possible factors that may contribute to NDPH are:
COVID-19 or viral meningitis are examples of infections
Anxiety, stress, or depression
Pregnancy, menopause, or thyroid disorders can cause hormonal changes
Antibiotics, antidepressants, or steroids are some examples of medications
Injuries to the head or neck
Factors genetically determined
NDPH usually causes a constant, dull, or pressure-like pain in the head, usually on both sides. It may vary in intensity, but it never completely disappears.
Light, sound, or smell sensitivity
Vomiting or nausea
Sleeping or concentrating problems
Irritability or mood changes
An NDPH doctor will ask about the history and characteristics of the headache, including when it began, how often it occurs, how severe it is, and what makes it better or worse. Besides a physical and neurological examination, the doctor will rule out infections, tumors, or blood vessel problems as possible causes of the headache. Blood tests, imaging tests, or lumbar punctures may also be ordered to check for inflammation, infection, or abnormalities in the brain or spinal fluid.
Treatment options for NDPH are limited, but the goal is to reduce pain and improve quality of life.
To relieve the pain, you can take painkillers such as acetaminophen, ibuprofen, or naproxen. However, these should be used sparingly since overuse can lead to rebound headaches.
Preventive medications, such as antidepressants, anticonvulsants, beta-blockers, or calcium channel blockers, to reduce headache frequency and severity. These can take several weeks to months to work, and they may have some side effects, such as weight gain, drowsiness, or dry mouth.
Using non-pharmacological therapies, such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, biofeedback, relaxation techniques, acupuncture, or massage, to deal with stress, anxiety, or depression.
Healthy lifestyle changes include avoiding caffeine, alcohol, tobacco, or other triggers, exercising regularly, drinking enough water, and eating a balanced diet.
Some of the possible ways to reduce the risk of developing NDPH include:
It is important to seek medical attention if you have a sudden, severe, or unusual headache, especially if it is accompanied by fever, stiff neck, confusion, or other neurological symptoms.
To avoid overusing or misusing medications, particularly painkillers, follow the doctor's advice and instructions.
By using professional counseling, medication, or other coping strategies, you can manage stress, anxiety, or depression effectively.
By wearing a helmet while riding a bike or motorcycle, wearing a seat belt when driving a car, or avoiding any trauma or injury to your head or neck, you can protect your head and neck.
