In this article, we will examine the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention measures associated with breast cancer in men.
Breast cancer in men is believed to be caused by a combination of genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors, just like in women. Breast cancer is more likely to occur in men with a family history of breast cancer, inherited genetic mutations such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, exposure to estrogen-related drugs and hormones, and certain lifestyle factors like obesity.
The symptoms of breast cancer in men are similar to those in women and may include:
Breast tissue thickens or lumps without causing pain.
Breast size or shape changes.
Bloody discharge from the pimples.
Retraction or inversion of the lips.
Symptoms include redness or scaling of the breast or nipple.
Not all breast lumps are cancerous, but any changes in the breast should be evaluated by a healthcare professional.
A physical examination, imaging tests, and biopsy are usually used to diagnose breast cancer in men. To evaluate any lumps or abnormalities in the breast tissue, a healthcare provider may perform a clinical breast exam. Further evaluation may be conducted with imaging tests such as mammography, ultrasound, or MRI. To determine if cancer cells are present, a biopsy is required, which involves removing breast tissue for laboratory analysis.
Men may receive similar treatment for breast cancer as women, including:
The removal of the tumor (lumpectomy) or the entire breast (mastectomy).
Cancer cells are targeted and killed with radiation therapy.
Using chemotherapy to destroy cancer cells throughout the body.
In cases of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer, hormone therapy blocks estrogen's effects on the cells.
HER2-targeted therapy, such as drugs that specifically target HER2-positive breast cancer cells.
Depending on the stage of the cancer, the tumor characteristics, and other factors, the treatment plan will vary.
It is primarily lifestyle modifications and early detection strategies that prevent breast cancer in men. These include:
Obesity prevention and maintaining a healthy weight.
Consuming alcohol in moderation.
Maintaining a regular physical activity schedule.
Monitor breast tissue changes by performing self-breast exams.
If you experience any unusual symptoms or abnormalities in your breast, you should seek medical attention immediately.
To develop a personalized prevention plan for men with a family history of breast cancer or known genetic mutations, genetic counseling and testing may be recommended.
