As a result of abnormal blood vessels in the colon, angiosplasia of the colon can cause gastrointestinal bleeding. We will discuss the causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment options, and prevention measures of angiodysplasia of the colon in this blog post.
Although the exact cause of angiodysplasia of the colon is unknown, it is believed to be caused by changes in the blood vessels within the colon that occur with aging. Chronic conditions like arteriosclerosis, renal failure, or von Willebrand disease may also contribute to the development of angiodysplasia.
A person with angiodysplasia of the colon may present with a variety of symptoms, depending on the severity of the condition and the extent of bleeding. Common symptoms include:
Mild to severe rectal bleeding
There may be blood in stool, which appears bright red or maroon in color
Low red blood cell count causes fatigue, weakness, or shortness of breath
An abdominal pain or discomfort, especially if bleeding is severe
Diarrhea or constipation are changes in bowel habits
Angiodysplasia of the colon may cause intermittent bleeding that resolves spontaneously, making diagnosis difficult.
A clinical evaluation, imaging studies, and endoscopic procedures are typically required to diagnose angiodysplasia of the colon. Diagnostic tests may include:
Angiodysplasia can be identified and assessed with a colonoscopy using a flexible tube with a camera.
In some cases, a capsule containing a camera is swallowed to examine the small intestine and colon.
For identifying areas of abnormal blood flow or bleeding in the colon, CT angiography or nuclear medicine scans may be performed.
To assess for anemia and detect occult blood in the stool, blood tests, including complete blood counts (CBCs), may be performed.
Angiodysplasia of the colon is treated to control bleeding, relieve symptoms, and prevent complications. Common treatment options include:
In colonoscopy, argon plasma coagulation, laser therapy, or electrocautery may be used to cauterize or seal off bleeding blood vessels.
Anemia can be treated with iron supplements or blood transfusions.
An operation to remove affected portions of the colon or perform a colectomy may be required in cases of severe or recurrent bleeding.
To control bleeding, angiographic embolization may be performed in rare cases to block blood flow to abnormal blood vessels.
A healthy lifestyle, managing underlying medical conditions, and promptly addressing any symptoms that suggest gastrointestinal bleeding may reduce the risk of complications for angiodysplasia of the colon, even though specific prevention measures have not been established.
As a result, angiodysplasia of the colon can lead to gastrointestinal bleeding as a result of abnormal blood vessels in the colon. The exact cause of the condition is unclear; however, prompt diagnosis and treatment can prevent complications and control bleeding. For proper evaluation and management of angiodysplasia of the colon, consult a healthcare professional if you experience rectal bleeding or anemia.
