Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment
Medically reviewed by Harsha Moole, MD, Internal Medicine. Last reviewed: October 2, 2026.
What kind of doctor treats Recurrent Pregnancy Loss?
Most people are treated by an OB/GYN, a doctor who specializes in pregnancy and women's health. Some see a reproductive endocrinologist, who specializes in fertility and hormones. A maternal-fetal medicine specialist, who cares for high-risk pregnancies, may also join the team.
What it is
Recurrent pregnancy loss means having two or more pregnancies in a row that end in miscarriage. A miscarriage is the loss of a pregnancy before the baby can live outside the womb, usually before 20 weeks. Many people who have repeat miscarriages are able to have a healthy pregnancy later.
Symptoms
The main sign is losing two or more pregnancies in a row. Each loss may bring bleeding, cramping, and the passing of tissue. Some pregnancies are lost without symptoms and are found only on ultrasound. Between pregnancies, most people feel physically normal.
Causes and who gets it
Doctors cannot always find a cause. When they do, common ones include gene problems in the embryo, hormone problems like poorly controlled diabetes or thyroid disease, and a weak or oddly shaped cervix. Immune system problems and blood clotting conditions can also cause losses. Smoking, heavy alcohol use, and being older raise the risk. Poorly controlled digestive conditions like celiac disease and inflammatory bowel disease may also make loss more likely.
How doctors diagnose it
There is no single test. Doctors start with a medical history, physical exam, and blood tests checking hormones, the immune system, and clotting. Genetic testing can find inherited problems in either partner or in tissue from the lost pregnancy. Imaging such as ultrasound can show problems with the shape of the uterus.
Treatment
Treatment depends on what doctors find. Hormone problems can often be corrected with medicine, and blood clotting problems may be treated with blood thinners during pregnancy. Surgery can fix some problems with the womb or cervix. When no cause is found, doctors often recommend close monitoring in the next pregnancy, and many people go on to have a baby.
When to see a doctor
See a doctor after two pregnancy losses in a row. Anyone with a single loss who has heavy bleeding, fever, or severe pain should also get medical care. It is wise to see a doctor before trying again if you have a long-term condition like diabetes, thyroid disease, celiac disease, or inflammatory bowel disease.
How a direct primary care or concierge doctor fits in
A direct primary care doctor charges a flat monthly fee instead of billing insurance, while a concierge doctor usually charges more and often works alongside insurance. Either can order early blood tests, manage long-term conditions, and offer longer visits. When repeat losses happen, they will refer you to an OB/GYN or fertility specialist and can stay involved to coordinate your care.
Common questions
Can I have a healthy pregnancy after repeat miscarriages?
Yes, many people do. Even after several losses, the chance of a successful pregnancy is often still good, depending on the cause and each person's situation.
Does a miscarriage mean something is wrong with me?
Usually not. Most early miscarriages happen because of random gene problems in the embryo, not anything the parent did.
How long should I wait before trying again?
Many doctors say it is safe to try again after bleeding stops and you feel ready physically and emotionally. Ask your doctor for advice that fits your situation.
Sources
- American Society for Reproductive Medicine - Recurrent pregnancy loss: a committee opinion (2026) | American Society for Reproductive Medicine | ASRM
- MedlinePlus - Vaginal bleeding in pregnancy
Medical Disclaimer
This content is for general educational and informational purposes only and is not medical advice. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, and reading it does not create a doctor-patient relationship. Always seek the advice of your physician or another qualified health provider with any questions about a medical condition, and never disregard or delay seeking professional advice because of something you read here. If you think you may have a medical emergency, call 911 (or your local emergency number) immediately.
