Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy: What It Is and What to Expect
Medically reviewed by Harsha Moole, MD, Internal Medicine. Last reviewed: October 2, 2026.
What kind of doctor provides Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy?
A gastroenterologist, a doctor with special training in the digestive system, usually performs this procedure. Some family doctors and surgeons are also trained to do it, but most people are referred to a gastroenterologist. A direct primary care or concierge doctor can be a first stop for an evaluation and can refer you to a specialist when needed.
What it is
An upper gastrointestinal endoscopy lets a doctor look inside your esophagus, stomach, and the first part of the small intestine using a thin, flexible tube called an endoscope, which has a light and tiny camera. Pictures show on a screen so the doctor can see the lining of these organs.
Why a doctor might recommend it
Doctors use this test to find the cause of problems such as long-lasting heartburn, trouble swallowing, belly pain, nausea, vomiting, or bleeding, and to check for ulcers or inflammation. The doctor can take a biopsy and sometimes treat small problems, such as removing a growth.
How to prepare
- Do not eat or drink anything for about 8 hours before the test, or as your doctor instructs.
- Tell your doctor about all medicines you take, especially blood thinners.
- Ask whether to take your regular medicines on the day of the test.
- Arrange for someone to drive you home, because you will get sleepy medicine.
- Tell your doctor if you are pregnant or have allergies or other health conditions.
What happens during it
You will usually get medicine through a vein to help you relax or sleep, and your throat may be numbed. You lie on your side while the doctor gently passes the endoscope through your mouth. The test takes about 10 to 20 minutes.
Recovery
You will rest for about 30 minutes to an hour. A mild sore throat, bloating, or gas usually goes away within a day, and most people return to regular activities the next day.
Risks and side effects
This test is very safe, but risks include a sore throat, bleeding from a biopsy site, or rarely a tear in the digestive tract lining. Ask your doctor about warning signs that need immediate attention.
Who performs it
A gastroenterologist usually performs the test, with a nurse or other team member monitoring you. Sometimes an anesthesia provider gives the relaxing medicine.
How a direct primary care or concierge doctor fits in
A direct primary care or concierge doctor can be the first person you talk to about symptoms like heartburn or belly pain. They can decide whether an endoscopy is needed, refer you to a gastroenterologist, and review results afterward.
Common questions
Is the test painful?
Most people do not find it painful. You may feel pressure in your throat or belly, and the relaxing medicine helps you stay comfortable. Many people remember little or nothing about the test.
How long does the whole visit take?
The test itself usually takes 10 to 20 minutes. Plan to be at the facility for about 2 to 3 hours to check in, recover, and go over instructions.
When will I get my results?
The doctor can often tell you what they saw right after the test. If a biopsy was taken, those results usually take several days to come back.
Can I go back to work the same day?
Most people should not work, drive, or sign important papers until the day after the test. The sleepy medicine can affect your thinking and reflexes for several hours.
Sources
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases - Upper GI Endoscopy - NIDDK
- MedlinePlus - Endoscopy
Medical Disclaimer
This content is for general educational and informational purposes only and is not medical advice. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, and reading it does not create a doctor-patient relationship. Always seek the advice of your physician or another qualified health provider with any questions about a medical condition, and never disregard or delay seeking professional advice because of something you read here. If you think you may have a medical emergency, call 911 (or your local emergency number) immediately.
