Joint Arthroscopy: What It Is and What to Expect
Medically reviewed by Harsha Moole, MD, Internal Medicine. Last reviewed: October 2, 2026.
What kind of doctor provides Joint Arthroscopy?
An orthopedic surgeon performs joint arthroscopy. This is a doctor who does surgery on bones, joints, and muscles. Your regular doctor can refer you if your joint problem needs a closer look. A direct primary care or concierge doctor can be a first stop for an evaluation and can refer you to a specialist when needed.
What it is
Joint arthroscopy is a surgery that lets a doctor see inside a joint. The surgeon makes a small cut and slides in a thin tube with a tiny camera, called an arthroscope, which sends pictures to a video screen.
Why a doctor might recommend it
Doctors use arthroscopy to find the cause of joint pain, swelling, or trouble moving when tests like an X-ray or MRI are not clear. The surgeon can also fix problems during the same procedure, such as trimming torn cartilage or removing loose bone and tissue.
How to prepare
- Ask your doctor which medicines to stop before surgery, and when.
- Tell the surgical team about any health conditions and allergies.
- Arrange for someone to drive you home and stay with you for the first hours afterward, since you may get medicine that makes you sleepy.
- Follow the eating and drinking rules your care team gives you.
What happens during it
Arthroscopy is usually an outpatient procedure, so you go home the same day. You will get anesthesia, which may put you fully to sleep or numb only the joint area. The surgeon makes two or three small cuts, each about the size of a buttonhole, and most procedures take one to two hours.
Recovery
Recovery is often faster than after open surgery. Many people can walk with help the same day if the knee was treated. You may need a sling, crutches, or a brace for a short time. Swelling and soreness are common for a few days; ice and rest usually help. Full recovery can take weeks to months.
Risks and side effects
Arthroscopy is considered safe, but every surgery has some risk, including infection, bleeding, blood clots, and damage to tissue near the joint. Your surgeon should explain the risks that apply to you before you agree to the procedure.
Who performs it
A board certified orthopedic surgeon performs joint arthroscopy, meaning the doctor has passed national exams in their specialty. When choosing a surgeon, ask how often they do the procedure you need.
How a direct primary care or concierge doctor fits in
A direct primary care doctor charges a flat monthly fee instead of billing insurance, while a concierge doctor usually charges more and often works alongside insurance. Either kind can be a helpful first stop for joint pain. If your problem needs surgery, they will refer you to an orthopedic surgeon and can handle follow up visits afterward.
Common questions
Is arthroscopy painful?
You should not feel pain during the procedure because of the anesthesia. Afterward, soreness is normal for a few days. Your care team can suggest ways to manage it.
Will I have a big scar?
No. The cuts are small, so scars are usually tiny. Most people have two or three small marks near the joint.
Can the surgeon fix everything during arthroscopy?
Not everything. Some problems, like large joint replacements, need open surgery. Your surgeon will tell you what is possible in your case.
How soon can I go back to work?
It depends on your job and the joint treated. People with desk jobs often return within days, while physical work may take longer.
Sources
- American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons - Arthroscopy - OrthoInfo - AAOS
- MedlinePlus - Knee arthroscopy
Medical Disclaimer
This content is for general educational and informational purposes only and is not medical advice. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, and reading it does not create a doctor-patient relationship. Always seek the advice of your physician or another qualified health provider with any questions about a medical condition, and never disregard or delay seeking professional advice because of something you read here. If you think you may have a medical emergency, call 911 (or your local emergency number) immediately.
