Golfers and Tennis Elbow: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment
Medically reviewed by Harsha Moole, MD, Internal Medicine. Last reviewed: October 2, 2026.
What kind of doctor treats Golfers and Tennis Elbow?
Most people start with a primary care doctor, who can often diagnose and treat the problem directly. An orthopedic surgeon becomes involved when the diagnosis is unclear or when standard treatments fail. A direct primary care or concierge doctor can be a first stop for an evaluation and can refer you to a specialist when needed.
What it is
Tennis elbow and golfer's elbow are both types of tendonitis. Tendonitis means swelling and irritation of a tendon, the tough cord that connects muscle to bone. Tennis elbow causes pain on the outside of the elbow. Golfer's elbow causes pain on the inside. Both happen when the tendon gets tiny tears from repeated use and usually heal with rest and simple care.
Symptoms
The main symptom is pain near the elbow. With tennis elbow, the pain sits on the bony outside of the elbow and may travel down the forearm. With golfer's elbow, the pain sits on the inside and may reach toward the wrist. Gripping a racket, lifting a mug, or turning a doorknob can hurt. Numbness and tingling can happen with golfer's elbow because a nerve runs close to that spot.
Causes and who gets it
Despite the names, most people who get these problems do not play sports. The cause is repeated motion of the wrist and arm, such as using hand tools, typing, gardening, or lifting weights. The condition is most common in adults between about 30 and 60.
How doctors diagnose it
Doctors usually start by asking about your activities and examining your arm. Imaging like X-rays or an MRI is rarely needed, but it can rule out other problems if the diagnosis is unclear.
Treatment
Most cases improve with rest from the activity that caused the pain, along with ice and over-the-counter pain relievers. A brace or strap can take strain off the tendon. Physical therapy with stretching and strengthening exercises helps the tendon heal and prevents the problem from coming back.
When to see a doctor
See a doctor if the pain is severe, lasts more than a few weeks, or does not improve with rest. Get checked sooner if you have numbness, tingling, or trouble moving the arm. Seek care right away if the elbow looks deformed, is very swollen, or you cannot use it at all.
How a direct primary care or concierge doctor fits in
A direct primary care doctor charges a flat monthly fee instead of billing insurance. A concierge doctor usually charges more and often works alongside insurance. Either one can handle most cases of elbow tendonitis from start to finish. If your elbow does not improve, they will refer you to an orthopedic surgeon and stay involved in your care.
Common questions
Can tennis elbow heal on its own?
Yes, most cases improve with rest and simple home care, though it can take several months. If the pain is severe or lasts a long time, a doctor should check it.
Do I have to stop playing sports?
Usually not completely. Doctors often suggest changing technique, using different equipment, or lowering how often you play while the tendon heals.
Is surgery common for these conditions?
No. Surgery is a last resort. It is only considered after months of other treatments have not helped. Most people improve without it.
Are steroid shots a good idea?
They can relieve pain for a while, but the pain can come back. Repeated shots may harm the tendon. Doctors weigh the benefits and risks for each person.
Sources
- American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons - Tennis Elbow (Lateral Epicondylitis)
- American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons - Medial Epicondylitis (Golfer's Elbow)
- NHS - Tennis elbow
Medical Disclaimer
This content is for general educational and informational purposes only and is not medical advice. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, and reading it does not create a doctor-patient relationship. Always seek the advice of your physician or another qualified health provider with any questions about a medical condition, and never disregard or delay seeking professional advice because of something you read here. If you think you may have a medical emergency, call 911 (or your local emergency number) immediately.
