Dyschromatosis Symmetrica Hereditaria: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment
Medically reviewed by Harsha Moole, MD, Internal Medicine. Last reviewed: October 2, 2026.
What kind of doctor treats Dyschromatosis Symmetrica Hereditaria?
A primary care doctor is often the first person patients see and can refer them to a dermatologist, who confirms the diagnosis and manages care of the spots. A direct primary care or concierge doctor can be a first stop for an evaluation and can refer you to a specialist when needed.
What is dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria?
Dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria is a rare skin condition that people are born with because of a changed gene. It causes patches of darker and lighter skin, mostly on the hands and feet. The condition is not harmful to health. It usually does not need treatment beyond skin care and support.
Dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria is a genetic condition passed down through families. Dyschromatosis means abnormal skin color, symmetrica means the changes appear on both sides in matching places, and hereditaria means it runs in families. The spots are changes in melanin, the skin pigment, not tumors or signs of disease. It is most common in people of Japanese, Chinese, and Korean ancestry.
Symptoms
The main sign is a mix of freckle-like dark spots and pale patches on the backs of the hands and feet, usually appearing in early childhood and becoming more noticeable over time.
Causes and who gets it
The condition is caused by changes in a gene called ADAR and follows an autosomal dominant pattern: a parent with the condition has a one in two chance of passing it to each child. When the gene does not work properly, pigment cells make uneven amounts of melanin.
How doctors diagnose it
Doctors usually diagnose the condition by looking at the skin and asking about family history. Genetic testing can confirm it by finding a change in the ADAR gene.
Treatment
No treatment removes the spots permanently, and most people do not need medical treatment at all. Some people choose laser treatments or skin-lightening creams for cosmetic reasons, but results differ and the spots often come back.
When to see a doctor
Anyone who notices new dark or light patches should have them checked, because other skin conditions can look similar. See a doctor promptly if a patch becomes raised, bleeds, or grows quickly.
How a direct primary care or concierge doctor fits in
A direct primary care doctor charges a flat monthly fee instead of billing insurance; a concierge doctor usually charges more and often works alongside insurance. Because visits are longer, these doctors can track changes over the years and refer to a dermatologist if needed.
Common questions
Is dyschromatosis symmetrica hereditaria dangerous?
No. The condition affects skin color only, and it does not harm overall health. It does not turn into cancer and does not spread to other organs.
Will the spots go away on their own?
The spots usually stay for life, and they may become slightly more noticeable with age. They do not typically fade away without treatment. Even with treatment, results vary from person to person.
Can I pass this condition to my children?
If you have the condition, each child has a one in two chance of inheriting it. This is because it follows an autosomal dominant pattern. A genetic counselor can explain this in more detail and discuss testing options.
Does it need to be treated at all?
Most people need no treatment, since the condition is harmless. Some people seek care for cosmetic reasons. A dermatologist can explain the options and their limits.
Sources
- NIH Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center - Symmetrical dyschromatosis of extremities
- NIH Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center - Dyschromatosis universalis hereditaria
Medical Disclaimer
This content is for general educational and informational purposes only and is not medical advice. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, and reading it does not create a doctor-patient relationship. Always seek the advice of your physician or another qualified health provider with any questions about a medical condition, and never disregard or delay seeking professional advice because of something you read here. If you think you may have a medical emergency, call 911 (or your local emergency number) immediately.
