Candidiasis of Vulva and Vagina: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment
Medically reviewed by Harsha Moole, MD, Internal Medicine. Last reviewed: October 2, 2026.
What kind of doctor treats Candidiasis of Vulva and Vagina?
An obstetrician-gynecologist, or OB/GYN, specializes in women's reproductive health. Many primary care doctors also treat yeast infections. Most people start with their regular doctor and see an OB/GYN if the problem keeps coming back. A direct primary care or concierge doctor can be a first stop for an evaluation and can refer you to a specialist when needed.
What it is
Candidiasis of the vulva and vagina is a yeast infection. The vulva is the skin around the opening of the vagina. A fungus called Candida normally lives in small amounts in the vagina, but when it grows too much it causes itching, soreness, and a thick white discharge. It is not a sexually transmitted infection.
Symptoms
The most common symptom is itching in and around the vagina, often with a thick, white discharge that may look like cottage cheese. The vulva can become red, swollen, and sore, and some people feel burning during urination or sex.
Causes and who gets it
Yeast infections happen when the normal balance of bacteria and yeast in the vagina changes. Antibiotics can upset this balance, and pregnancy, uncontrolled diabetes, and a weakened immune system also raise the risk. Having one does not mean a person is unclean.
How doctors diagnose it
A doctor asks about symptoms and health history and may perform a pelvic exam, checking a sample of discharge under a microscope. This matters because other conditions can cause similar symptoms but need different treatment.
Treatment
Yeast infections are treated with antifungal medicine, given as creams, ointments, or suppositories placed in the vagina, or as a pill taken by mouth. Treatment is typically short. Repeat infections may need a longer course, which a doctor should guide.
When to see a doctor
Anyone who has never had a yeast infection should see a doctor rather than self-treating. Seek care if symptoms do not improve with over-the-counter treatment, or if there is fever, pelvic pain, or foul-smelling discharge. People with four or more infections a year should ask about prevention.
What kind of doctor treats it
An OB/GYN usually handles severe, frequent, or hard-to-treat infections, but a primary care doctor can often treat a simple one. A direct primary care doctor charges a flat monthly fee instead of billing insurance. A concierge doctor typically charges more and often works alongside insurance but can do the same. Either would refer to an OB/GYN if infections keep returning.
Common questions
Can a yeast infection go away on its own?
Sometimes a mild infection improves without treatment, but this is not predictable. Most people feel better faster with antifungal medicine. If symptoms last more than a few days, it is best to see a doctor.
Can I get a yeast infection from having sex?
Yeast infections are not considered sexually transmitted infections. Sex can sometimes trigger symptoms or make irritated skin more uncomfortable. Some doctors suggest avoiding sex until treatment is finished.
Are over-the-counter treatments safe to use?
These medicines are widely used and work for many people. The problem is that self-treating can miss other conditions with similar symptoms. Anyone who is pregnant or unsure of the diagnosis should talk to a doctor first.
How can I lower my chance of getting another yeast infection?
Wearing cotton underwear and avoiding very tight clothing may help keep the area dry. Avoiding scented soaps and douching, which means rinsing the inside of the vagina, also helps protect the natural balance. People with diabetes can lower their risk by keeping blood sugar well controlled.
Sources
- MedlinePlus - Yeast Infections
- MedlinePlus - Vaginal yeast infection: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia
Medical Disclaimer
This content is for general educational and informational purposes only and is not medical advice. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, and reading it does not create a doctor-patient relationship. Always seek the advice of your physician or another qualified health provider with any questions about a medical condition, and never disregard or delay seeking professional advice because of something you read here. If you think you may have a medical emergency, call 911 (or your local emergency number) immediately.
