Breast Neoplasm: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment
Medically reviewed by Harsha Moole, MD, Internal Medicine. Last reviewed: October 2, 2026.
What kind of doctor treats Breast Neoplasm?
A breast surgeon usually treats these growths, especially when surgery is needed. Many people first see an OB/GYN, who can examine the lump, order imaging, and refer the patient to a breast surgeon when needed. A direct primary care or concierge doctor can be a first stop for an evaluation and can refer you to a specialist when needed.
What it is
A breast neoplasm is an abnormal growth of cells in the breast, often called a lump or tumor. Some growths are benign, meaning they are not cancer and usually do not spread. Others are malignant, meaning they are cancer and can spread to other parts of the body. Testing by a doctor is needed to tell which type a growth is.
Symptoms
Many breast growths cause no symptoms and are often found on a screening test or physical exam. When symptoms do happen, they can include a lump in the breast or under the arm, a change in the size or shape of the breast, skin changes such as dimpling or redness, or fluid from the nipple. Any new change is worth having checked.
Causes and who gets it
Breast neoplasms happen when cells in the breast grow in an unusual way. Risk goes up with older age, family history, certain gene changes, and hormone factors. They are most common in women, but men can get them too.
How doctors diagnose it
Doctors start with a physical exam and health history. Imaging tests such as a mammogram or ultrasound show what the lump looks like inside. If those tests raise questions, a biopsy takes a small sample to check under a microscope.
Treatment
Treatment depends on whether the growth is benign or cancerous. Benign lumps like simple cysts may only need watching or a small procedure to drain or remove them. Cancerous growths are usually treated with surgery, and some people also need radiation, chemotherapy, or hormone therapy, based on the type and stage.
When to see a doctor
See a doctor if you find a new lump in your breast or under your arm, or notice any change in the size, shape, or skin of the breast. Nipple discharge, especially if bloody, also deserves a checkup. Most breast changes are benign, but any new change should be examined promptly.
How a direct primary care or concierge doctor fits in
A direct primary care doctor charges a flat monthly fee instead of billing insurance, while a concierge doctor usually charges more and often works alongside insurance. Either can be a good first stop for a breast concern: these doctors can examine a lump, order imaging, and follow up on results. If a biopsy or surgery is needed, they will refer the patient to a breast surgeon or an OB/GYN and help coordinate care.
Common questions
Are most breast lumps cancer?
No. Most breast lumps are benign, meaning they are not cancer. Common benign causes include cysts and fibroadenomas, but any new lump should still be checked by a doctor.
Does a breast biopsy hurt?
Most people feel only some pressure or a brief sting from the numbing medicine. The soreness afterward is usually mild and goes away in a few days.
Can men get breast neoplasms?
Yes. Men have small amounts of breast tissue, so they can develop both benign and cancerous breast growths. Male breast cancer is rare, but it does happen.
How often should I get a mammogram?
Guidelines differ, and many major medical groups suggest starting between ages 40 and 50 and repeating every one to two years. Ask your doctor what schedule makes sense for your age and risk level.
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Medical Disclaimer
This content is for general educational and informational purposes only and is not medical advice. It is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment, and reading it does not create a doctor-patient relationship. Always seek the advice of your physician or another qualified health provider with any questions about a medical condition, and never disregard or delay seeking professional advice because of something you read here. If you think you may have a medical emergency, call 911 (or your local emergency number) immediately.
